Centrilobular emphysema combined with pulmonary fibrosis results in improved survival

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of patients based on emphysema score.

Variable	ES 0 (n= 48)	0 < ES ≤ 2 (n= 26)	ES > 2 (n= 28)	P value
Age years; median [1st, 3rd]	62 [58, 68]	61 [53, 67]	57 [51, 62]	NS*
Gender:
Male, n     Female, n	31 17	18 8	17 11	NS^†
Race:
Caucasian, n	38	15	16
African-American, n	8	9	11	NS^†
Other, n	2	2	1
Medication:
Prednisone, n	40	26	22	NS^†
Azathioprine, n	24	13	12	NS^†
Mycophenolate, n	14	9	4	NS^†
N-Acetylcysteine, n	22	13	7	NS^†
ACE Inhibitor, n	10	6	3	NS^†
Statin, n	20	14	11	NS^†
Smoking:
Current smoker, n (%)	1(2)	2 (7)	4 (14)	NS^†
Ever-smoker, n (%)	27 (56)	21 (81)	24 (86)	< 0.01^†
Pack/years, median [ 1st, 3rd]	5 [0, 20]	20 [10, 39]	40 [20, 50]	< 0.0001*
Fibrosis score:
< 10%, n	7	5	2
10 - 40%, n	27	16	19	NS^†
> 40%, n	14	5	7
Right heart catheterization:
Performed, n (%)	37 (77)	22 (84)	17 (61)	NS^†
Mean PAP mm Hg; median [ 1st, 3rd]	21 [18, 24]	29 [22, 40]	29 [22, 33]	< 0.001*
Surgical lung biopsy:
Performed, n (%)	36 (75)	17 (65)	20 (71)	NS^†
UIP, n	32	14	14	NS^†
Fibrotic NSIP, n	4	3	6
Lung transplantation performed, n (%)	19 (39)	6 (23)	9 (32)	NS^†

*Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA
^†Chi-square test
ES, emphysema score; mean PAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia; NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonia; NS, not significant (P > 0.05).

ISSN: 1755-1536