Epithelial to mesenchymal transition as a biomarker in renal fibrosis: are we ready for the bedside?

Table 1 Various combinations of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers used in human studies

Study	EMT markers used¹
Jinde [45]	α-SMA¹+, cytokeratin+, collagens+
Rastaldi [46]	Vimentin+, α-SMA+, cytokeratin- ZO1-, P4H+, HSP47³+, collagen1+
Vongwiwatana [47]	E-cadherin-, cytokeratin-, vimentin+, S100A4+, α-SMA+, HSP47+
Vitalone [56]	Ecadherine+, α-SMA+ OR E-cadherin+, S100A4+
Hertig [30, 52, 57]	Vimentin+, translocation β-catenin+

¹Nonexhaustive list of various combinations of markers used to detect EMT in humans. Note the contradictory criteria for EMT concerning epithelial markers.
²Smooth muscle actin.
¹Heat-shock protein

ISSN: 1755-1536